Scenes and Structure

Beginning writers often tend to think of a book as a series of chapters. It's actually more useful to regard it as a series of linked scenes. Why? Because it makes it a lot easier to control the pace of your story.

'Pace' may be described as the forward movement of your story. Sometimes it will move at a slower pace than at other times. What you need to aim for is a story that moves along fast enough to maintain reader interest, but not at such breakneck speed that the reader doesn't have time to get to know the characters or assimilate the plot. Nor do you want your story to slow down too much. That can lead to your reader closing the book. (If that reader happens to be the editor to whom you hope to sell the story, you're in big trouble.)

Scenes that contain a lot of action or conflict tend to elevate the reader's blood pressure. They have her whipping through the pages, anxious to absorb every moment of the drama being played out. A novel full of such scenes:

  • is too tiring to read for hours at a stretch and

  • sees the overall effect of each scene diminished so the entire novel loses punch. None of us can put up with constantly high stress levels without burning out!

    A book that moves at too rapid a pace is like a movie packed with one action scene after another-it's all too much. To appreciate and enjoy the conflict when it happens (in a nail-biting kind of way) we need periods of calm between the storms. These alternating scenarios can be regarded as scenes and their sequels.

    The scene involves the main characters in action and/or conflict. It usually contains dialogue. Picture it as a scene from a movie - lights, camera, ACTION!

    Following such a scene, you give your reader a chance to breathe, by moving into the sequel. The sequel is the logical aftermath of the scene. In the sequel, the viewpoint character has time to think about what has just happened, what it means to him/her, and what he/she intends to do next. By planning your novel as a series of scenes and sequels, you can control the pace.

    Want to slow things down? Expand the sequel, the 'calm' period, which gives the character (and the reader) 'time out'.

    Want to speed things up? Shorten the sequel. For example:

    'By the time Marianne reached her apartment, she was good and mad. There was no way she intended to let Jake Rockford get away with a pathetic story like that! Five minutes after walking through her front door, she was dialling the Rockford's number. Within half an hour, she was pulling up in her sister's driveway, ready to do battle.' In just a few lines, you have pitchforked the reader into the next action-packed scene. We know that Marianne doesn't believe Jake's story. We know she's eager to confront Julie and/or Jake. And we haven't wasted any time getting her there: one scene leads very quickly into the next, thus keeping the story moving along at a smart clip.

    Learn to use scene and sequel effectively, and you retain control over the pacing of your novel. At all times the paramount question in your mind should be: How will this scene advance the story? If the answer is 'I don't know' or 'It won't, really' - then out it goes, no matter how well-written it is.

    The Structure Of A Scene

    The viewpoint character in each scene should have a goal. Why? So you don't include scenes that go nowhere and achieve nothing. Scenes that bog your story down.

    hese are the things you should take into consideration when planning a scene:

    1. What is the viewpoint character's goal?

    • What does he want at the outset of the scene?

    • How will the action in the scene help him to get what he wants?

    • Is the scene goal relevant to the viewpoint character's main goals in life? (Either work or private)

    • Will the reader worry about whether the viewpoint character will get what he wants?
    2. What is the source of conflict?

    • What complications will arise to prevent your character from achieving her goal(s)?

    • How will your character try to overcome these problems?

    • Will the readers worry about whether the character will achieve her goal(s)?
    3. Does your scene end dramatically?
    • Is the viewpoint character better off or worse off at the end of the scene?

    • If he is better off, have you introduced (or foreshadowed) a new plot twist to maintain tension? (Never make things too easy for your main character.)

    • Has the scene moved the story forward?

    • Has the scene left the reader wanting to know what will happen next?

    • Have you answered the question you set up in the reader's mind at the beginning of the scene? (For example: will Character get what he wants? How will he go about getting what he wants?)
    4. Have you planned the scene's sequel?

    • Have you had the character think about what has just happened?

    • Have you had the character decide what to do next to pursue her goal?

    • Have you had the character take action or make a decision that moves us into the next scene?

    (c) Copyright Marg McAlister

    Marg McAlister has published magazine articles, short stories, books for children, ezines, promotional material, sales letters and web content. She has written 5 distance education courses on writing, and her online help for writers is popular all over the world. Sign up for her regular writers' tipsheet at http://www.writing4success.com/

    rental limo Atlanta .. Lockport Chicago limo O’Hare
    In The News:

    A Texas company is developing a hypersonic jet, Stargazer, that could fly from New York City to London in under an hour, redefining boundaries of aviation.
    Porch pirates are on the prowl this holiday season. Tech guru Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson has a number of tips to prevent holiday package thefts.
    Fueled by artificial intelligence, CyberDog the robotic dog is designed specifically locate fire ant nests, which are endangering ecosystems.
    Stay up to date on the latest AI technology advancements and learn about the challenges and opportunities AI presents
    Internet browsers are useful, but they can be dangerous. Clicking on malicious links can direct you to dangerous websites that steal information or infect your device.
    Apple's latest iOS update introduces advanced artificial intelligence capabilities, which may be capturing and analyzing sensitive information.
    Breach site confirmed 56,904,909 Hot Topic users' data leaked online. Tech expert Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson says the company's silence makes matters even worse.
    Tech expert Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson discusses how an innovative Easy-Way kit turns standard strollers electric, simplifying navigation for parents.
    Tech expert Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson talks about T-Mobile being hacked in broad cyberattack on global phone and internet companies.
    Tech expert Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson shows you how to add, customize and manage widgets for quick access to apps and info from your iPhone home screen.
    Wrong Google searches can not only compromise your device and personal data. They can also bring law enforcement to your doorstep. Hackers are targeting Google searches.
    China's Shanghai Kepler Robotics has developed a new humanoid robot that can carry up to 35 pounds per hand for commercial applications across various industries
    Checking your hearing has gotten easier with the new hearing test feature in AirPods Pro 2. You can take reliable hearing tests using your iPhone or iPad.
    Stay up to date on the latest AI technology advancements and learn about the challenges and opportunities AI presents now and for the future.
    Kurt "CyberGuy" Knutsson explains how a VPN — virtual private network — works and how running it can slow down the operation of your device.
    The WalkON Suit F1, an exoskeleton developed to help people with disabilities, can actually walk over to a person in a wheelchair, solving a major problem.
    ClickFix, a new scam targeting computer users, is on the rise in the U.S. The scam prompts its targets to click on a link to fix a problem.
    Skydweller is the world's largest unmanned solar-powered aircraft that can stay airborne for weeks, and even months, without refueling.
    The U.S. government said it is investigating after People's Republic of China hackers targeted commercial telecommunications service providers in the U.S.
    Stay up to date on the latest AI technology advancements and learn about the challenges and opportunities AI presents now and for the future.
    Scammers are using increasingly sophisticated ways to lure unsuspecting victims, and some are impersonating an email help desk or support team.
    You can unsend or edit your iMessages with the latest iOS updates. Kurt the CyberGuy explains how you can save yourself some potential embarrassment.
    Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson says there’s been a rise in cybercriminal services using hacked police and government emails to send subpoenas and data requests to U.S. companies.
    Kurt “CyberGuy" Knutsson discusses how Axiom Space and luxury designer Prada are collaborating on NASA's Artemis III spacesuit design.
  • Effective Editing: It Spells the Difference!

    If you think proofreading equals editing, then you're wrong! Editing... Read More

    Building Character

    Names are important. Names give clues about us, where we... Read More

    The Myths Of Writing: Have You Bought Into These?

    There is an image most people carry of the artist... Read More

    The Myths of Writing: Have You Bought Into These?

    There is an image most people carry of the artist... Read More

    Ten Quick Tips for Inexperienced Writers

    One of the biggest problems that inexperienced writers have is... Read More

    The Hard Facts About Editing

    Whether you're interviewing for a new job, trying to woo... Read More

    The Author Within

    Just about every marketer on the Internet claims to be... Read More

    How To Be A Published (Non-Fiction) Author

    1. Turning your idea into a bookWith non-fiction books the... Read More

    Apotheosis - the Seminal Insight of the Hero for Screenwriting

    Every hero has a seminal insight - the apotheosis. Once... Read More

    Five Tips to Find More Time for Your Writing Life

    When I asked new ezine subscribers, "What is your Number... Read More

    Sell More Books With a Powerful Back Cover

    Did you know that your back cover information is, after... Read More

    Teachers Should Write, During Their Summers

    Before I became a teacher, I was a sports writer.... Read More

    Freelance Writing: How Many Regular Clients Should You Have?

    This is a tough question for every freelance writer. For... Read More

    Revising Your Manuscript: Fourteen Questions to Ask Yourself

    1) Can you summarize the story in about a sentence... Read More

    How to Write Funny -- Its All About Timing

    My Dad has this old joke that goes, "What's the... Read More

    Getting Past The Shoulds To Write

    During the past few months I have received many questions... Read More

    Write SMART: How to Create Terrific Writing Goals - And Achieve Them!

    Open up your favorite calendar and circle today's date.Why? Because... Read More

    What you Dont Know About Book Publishing Can Cost You

    Dream that your book can be a number one best... Read More

    8 Great Journaling Tips

    Mix a martini, don't forget the olives, or pour yourself... Read More

    Effective Collaboration - Working With Your Ghostwriter

    Using a ghostwriter to craft your free reprint articles and... Read More

    Untrue Father (A short Story)

    Kallu was a tenant of Santosh Kumar Nayak. Santosh Kumar... Read More

    5 Ways to Break the Story Spell

    You sink back into your favourite chair with a new... Read More

    An Introduction to Self Publishing Material

    Any article, report or book which is bought or sold... Read More

    Making The Time To Write That Novel

    Finding the time to write a novel is one of... Read More

    Local Knowledge: Background and Historical Setting in Novels

    You're writing a story set in your local city, but... Read More

    Bedford Park taxi to Midway ..