The first step in the writing process is to put your ideas down on paper. Once you have text to work with, the second step is to revise what you have written to make it as clear, accurate and powerful as you can. The final step is to edit your work carefully.
Editing Tip #1: Take a Break
When you have concentrated on your writing for long periods of time, there is a tendency to read what you think is there-not what you have actually written! By taking a break for a few hours (or even a few days), you will return to your work with a fresh mind and fresh eyes. Suddenly you will realize that:
Editing is conducted at two levels. First concentrate on the conceptual, or substantive, level to ensure that your ideas are strong, logical and well-organized. Once this step is complete, go through your work line-by-line to check for small details such as spelling, grammar, word choice and punctuation.
Conceptual Editing
When you begin to edit at the conceptual level, try to approach your work as though you were the intended reader instead of the author. In your role as reader, look at the introduction. Is it compelling? Do you clearly understand what the topic, major points and slant of the communication will be?
Then look at the body. Do the ideas flow well, or are they confusing? Are they presented in some kind of logical order? Do concrete details help to paint a clear picture? Are any stray ideas lurking in unrelated paragraphs?
Does this communication seem to be written for you? In other words, do you feel like you are its intended audience, or does the writer fail to explain concepts, terms and acronyms you don't understand? Is the voice of this communication appropriate? Is it too formal? Too informal? Just right?
Did the writer insult your intelligence by repeating the same ideas over and over? Or did the writer present a strong, clear, coherent argument that you understood immediately? Finally, what is your overall impression of this communication (and its writer)? Positive or negative?
This technique of reading what you have written as though you were the intended audience will help you see your communications from a different perspective. Some of what you discover may surprise you. Make any changes that are necessary and then proceed to line editing.
Line Editing
The final step in the editing process is to go through your document line-by-line to check for errors in mechanics (e.g., spelling, grammar, punctuation), word usage and format.
If you included tables or figures, be sure to check that the captions are correct and that you entered the data correctly. Also be sure you have expressed your ideas as succinctly as possible. If you find your sentences are filled with empty, unnecessary words, delete them.
Try This!
If you are having problems "seeing" your errors at the line level, go to the end of your document and read the last sentence. Then read the second to last sentence. Continue working from the end to the beginning until you reach your opening line! This technique keeps your brain from automatically reading what you think you wrote and helps you see what is actually on the page.
A Special Word About Homonyms
The English language has many words, called homonyms, that sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings. The four most common sets are: their/they're/there, too/to/two, your/you're, and its/it's.
These are FREQUENTLY used incorrectly! Even when you know the difference between them, it is easy to type the wrong word when you are concentrating on getting your ideas down on paper. Unfortunately, ordinary spell-check programs cannot distinguish between homonyms that are used correctly and those that are used incorrectly. Therefore, always pay special attention to these words when you are conducting a line edit.
Editing Tip #3: Always Spell-Check Your Work
It is amazing how often writers fail to perform this final edit--especially since it is so easy to do! I will agree that spell-check programs attached to word processing software cannot detect homonyms, that they highlight unfamiliar words that are actually spelled correctly, and that the grammar check is frequently just plain wrong.
On the other hand, they do pick up incorrect spacing between words, highlight a few grammar problems correctly, and catch most of your misspelled words. The process doesn't take very long and is easy to perform. In the end, you have nothing to lose by taking this final step and potentially much to gain!
Clarice Kyd Dankers, M.A., offers editing and coaching services to business and academic clients around the world. Her work incorporates eight years of experience in business communications with extensive experience in linguistics, publishing and university teaching. For more information about her services-or to sign up for her free monthly newsletter-go to http://www.polishyourwriting.com
disinfecting cleaning services Winnetka ..Listen, consider this scenario.You have a deadline to honour. Time... Read More
The rejection letter says: "Your story, on the surface, appears... Read More
Proofreading worksheets are a great tool to help individuals open... Read More
You've decided to write your very own Newsletter to promote... Read More
If you are a serious writer who wants to publish... Read More
Names are important. Names give clues about us, where we... Read More
Readers often send me interesting and exciting e-mails about the... Read More
Writing better is critical for students. But it's even more... Read More
My dad was wrong. I just discovered that I am... Read More
1) Can you summarize the story in about a sentence... Read More
No user manual? Surely you jest!It may seem comical, but... Read More
Paulo Coelho was born on August 24th 1947 in Rio... Read More
Beyond three and four act story structure, lies the Hero's... Read More
If you find your sentences filled with commas, and they... Read More
Winning writing contests can provide several advantages to writers. For... Read More
Questions and answers on writing life experiences for ourselves and... Read More
ADAPTATION 101Brimming with confidence, you've just signed the check purchasing... Read More
Why should you consider creating a memoir of your personal... Read More
Mix a martini, don't forget the olives, or pour yourself... Read More
If you are an aspiring writer, or you simply want... Read More
When you write for international audiences, mainly directly in English,... Read More
Have you heard the term 'ghostwriter' and wondered what they... Read More
Writing leads to reading. Therefore, it's only fair to supply... Read More
A UK based freelance proofreader should be able to provide... Read More
Here's something from my mailbag. "Dear Michael, do you need... Read More
last minute cleaning help Highland Park ..Or do you?Writers write. You shouldn't wait around for inspiration... Read More
Simply put, it is the art of writing scripts for... Read More
1. What Is A Premise?A premise is the point you... Read More
What a lack of research could do to you.When creating... Read More
I am sure that at in some era, at some... Read More
Great writing transports one vicariously to realms that the reader... Read More
No matter what your fifth-grade English teacher says, some grammar... Read More
If you want to be a writer, then you must... Read More
EditingExpect, allow, and accept that every first draft will represent... Read More
If you have been online for any length of time... Read More
Plotting a book can seem an overwhelming task when you're... Read More
One of the nice things about being an author is... Read More
You know, I really hate it when someone catches me... Read More
Often, time is an enemy of writers. Sales seem slow... Read More
If you either want to write a book to help... Read More
Recently, I was hunting for a book that would simply... Read More
Have you ever considered writing a book? If so, maybe... Read More
Every hero has a seminal insight - the apotheosis. Once... Read More
Communication is effective when we follow certain rules. These rules... Read More
Boost Brain Power Through WritingHave you ever noticed what happens... Read More
Poems. Just the mention of them makes me smile. Why?... Read More
The first five pages of a novel are critical.Editors make... Read More
Having problems writing? I don't know why. San Francisco Chronicle... Read More
The only way to become a writer is to write.... Read More
Having trouble finding a solution to a nagging problem? Try... Read More
Writing |